以下整理出常考的觀念，基本上只要這幾個文法觀念知道了，就可以掌握考試的方向，
- 被動式
- beV + p.p.
- My mom made a salad. à A salad was made by my mom.
- 改疑問句
- 注意時態
- 助動詞/be動詞要寫對
- 題目給什麼就寫什麼, 不要自己亂增減
- 時態轉換
- 注意時間副詞給什麼
- 注意第三人稱
- I go jogging every day. à I went jogging last night.
- 間接問句
- 原為V+S 改為S+V
- 標點符號以前面的句型為主
- When is their wedding? à I wonder when their wedding is.
- 授與動詞
- 注意介係詞 to/for
- give/write/send 東西 to 人
- bring/cook/buy 東西 for 人
- 關係代名詞
- 先行詞(提到的東西)一定緊接著關係代名詞
- 人: who/that
- 物: which/that
- 所有格: whose
- 附加問句
- 前肯定, 後否定; 前否定, 後肯定
- hardly, never這些帶有否定意味的副詞要視為否定
- 使役動詞
- let/make/have + 人 + VR = ask/allow人 + to VR
- The teacher allowed the students to use dictionaries during the exam. àThe teacher let the students use dictionaries during the exam.
- 介係詞 + Ving
- afraid of … = afraid to …
- interested in …
- without …
- by + 方法
- How about …
- good/bad at …
- after/before/while/when
- lend/borrow
- lend 物 to 人
- borrow 物 from 人
- Can you lend your bike to me tomorrow? à May I borrow a bike from you tomorrow?
- had better + VR (最好…)
- You need to go out right now. à You had better go out right now.
- since/for
- 完成式 have/has + p.p.
- I have studied English for 10 years. à It has been 10 years since I studied English.
- 花費的用法 (注意動詞三態變化)
- 人 + spend/waste + 時間/錢 + Ving/on N.
- 人 + pay + 錢 for 物
- 物 + cost + 錢
- 物 + take + 時間 + (for 人) + to VR
- 動詞 + Ving
- enjoy/keep/practice/finish/avoid/imagine
- mind + (所有格) + Ving
- be worth + Ving
- 動詞 + Ving/ to VR
- like/love/hate/start + to VR/Ving 意思差不多
- stop/remember/forget + to VR/Ving 意思不同
- used to/be used to
- used to + VR 過去習慣
- be used to + Ving 現在習慣
- both of …
- Doctor Chen must wear gloves. Doctor Lin must wear gloves, too. à Both of them must wear gloves.
- either …. or …
- You can go to Germany by plane. You can go to Germany by bus. à You can go to Germany by either plane or bus.
- neither …. nor …
- I don’t like Math. My sister doesn’t like math, either. à Neither I nor my sister likes math.
- not only … but also …
- I like swimming. I also like biking. à I like not only swimming but also biking.
- Why don’t/doesn’t 人 + VR? = Why not + VR?
- Why don’t you try this food instead? à Why not try this food instead?
- one of + 複數名詞
- 後接第三人稱單數 (因為主詞是單數)
- I have many best friends. Mary is one of them. à One of my best friends is Mary.
- except/besides
- except: 除此之外 (扣掉)
- besides: 除此之外 (加上)
- 連接詞
- before/after
- when/while
- or: 否則
- if: 是否
- although: 不與but連用
- but:不與although連用
- because + 子句 (because of + N.)
- as soon as: 一旦…就
- 虛主詞 It
- 動名詞/不定詞當主詞, 動詞用第三人稱單數
- 句子內容與題目一字不漏
- Getting up at 5 am every day is painful. à It is painful to get up at 5 am every day.
- adj. enough to VR
- He is strong. He can move that box. à He is strong enough to move that box.
- too … to + VR
- He is only 7 years old. He cannot drive. à He is too young to drive.
- so adj. that S + V
- Alice is very excited. Alice can’t sleep. à Alice is so excited that she can’t sleep.
- 形容詞原級/比較級/最高級
- 原級: as … as
- 比較級: more/less …. than …
- 最高級: the most …..
- This elephant is the oldest in the zoo.
- àThis elephant is older than any other animal in the zoo.
- àThis elephant is older than all the other animals in the zoo. (any + 單數 , all + 複數)
- My sister is not as tall as you. à You are taller than my sister.
- 假設語氣 wish
- 現在的假設: 用過去式 (beV永遠是were)
- 過去的假設: 用過去完成式
- I am at home. (用I wish造句) à I wish I were at home.
