英 teresting!

 以下整理出常考的觀念，基本上只要這幾個文法觀念知道了，就可以掌握考試的方向，

1. 被動式
   • beV + p.p.
   • My mom made a salad. à A salad was made by my mom.
2. 改疑問句
   • 注意時態
   • 助動詞/be動詞要寫對
   • 題目給什麼就寫什麼, 不要自己亂增減
3. 時態轉換
   • 注意時間副詞給什麼
   • 注意第三人稱
   • I go jogging every day. à I went jogging last night.
4. 間接問句
   • 原為V+S 改為S+V
   • 標點符號以前面的句型為主
   • When is their wedding? à I wonder when their wedding is.
5. 授與動詞
   • 注意介係詞 to/for
   • give/write/send 東西 to 人
   • bring/cook/buy 東西 for 人
6. 關係代名詞
   • 先行詞(提到的東西)一定緊接著關係代名詞
   • 人: who/that
   • 物: which/that
   • 所有格: whose
7. 附加問句
   • 前肯定, 後否定; 前否定, 後肯定
   • hardly, never這些帶有否定意味的副詞要視為否定
8. 使役動詞
   • let/make/have + 人 + VR = ask/allow人 + to VR
   • The teacher allowed the students to use dictionaries during the exam. àThe teacher let the students use dictionaries during the exam. 
9. 介係詞 + Ving
   • afraid of … = afraid to …
   • interested in …
   • without …
   • by + 方法
   • How about …
   • good/bad at …
   • after/before/while/when
10. lend/borrow
    • lend 物 to 人
    • borrow 物 from 人
    • Can you lend your bike to me tomorrow? à May I borrow a bike from you tomorrow?
11. had better + VR  (最好…)
    • You need to go out right now. à You had better go out right now.
12. since/for
    • 完成式 have/has + p.p.
    • I have studied English for 10 years. à It has been 10 years since I studied English.
13. 花費的用法 (注意動詞三態變化)
    • 人 + spend/waste + 時間/錢 + Ving/on N.
    • 人 + pay + 錢 for 物
    • 物 + cost + 錢
    • 物 + take + 時間 + (for 人) + to VR
14. 動詞 + Ving
    • enjoy/keep/practice/finish/avoid/imagine
    • mind + (所有格) + Ving
    • be worth + Ving
15. 動詞 + Ving/ to VR
    • like/love/hate/start + to VR/Ving 意思差不多
    • stop/remember/forget + to VR/Ving 意思不同
16. used to/be used to
    • used to + VR 過去習慣
    • be used to + Ving 現在習慣
17. both of …
    • Doctor Chen must wear gloves. Doctor Lin must wear gloves, too. à Both of them must wear gloves.
18. either …. or …
    • You can go to Germany by plane. You can go to Germany by bus. à You can go to Germany by either plane or bus.
19. neither …. nor …
    • I don’t like Math. My sister doesn’t like math, either.  à Neither I nor my sister likes math. 
20. not only … but also …
    • I like swimming. I also like biking. à I like not only swimming but also biking.
21. Why don’t/doesn’t 人 + VR? = Why not + VR?
    • Why don’t you try this food instead? à Why not try this food instead?
22. one of + 複數名詞
    • 後接第三人稱單數 (因為主詞是單數)
    • I have many best friends. Mary is one of them. à One of my best friends is Mary.
23. except/besides
    • except: 除此之外 (扣掉)
    • besides: 除此之外 (加上)
24. 連接詞
    • before/after
    • when/while
    • or: 否則
    • if: 是否
    • although: 不與but連用
    • but:不與although連用
    • because + 子句 (because of + N.)
    • as soon as: 一旦…就
25. 虛主詞 It
    • 動名詞/不定詞當主詞, 動詞用第三人稱單數
    • 句子內容與題目一字不漏
    • Getting up at 5 am every day is painful. à It is painful to get up at 5 am every day.
26. adj. enough to VR
    • He is strong. He can move that box. à He is strong enough to move that box.
27. too … to + VR
    • He is only 7 years old. He cannot drive. à He is too young to drive.
28. so adj. that S + V
    • Alice is very excited. Alice can’t sleep. à Alice is so excited that she can’t sleep.
29. 形容詞原級/比較級/最高級
    • 原級: as … as
    • 比較級: more/less …. than …
    • 最高級: the most …..
    • This elephant is the oldest in the zoo.  
    • àThis elephant is older than any other animal in the zoo. 
    • àThis elephant is older than all the other animals in the zoo. (any + 單數 , all + 複數)
    • My sister is not as tall as you. à You are taller than my sister.
30. 假設語氣 wish 
    • 現在的假設: 用過去式 (beV永遠是were)
    • 過去的假設: 用過去完成式
    • I am at home. (用I wish造句) à I wish I were at home.